07 July, 2011

Change the DocumentRoot of Apache webserver (/var/www) in Debian / Ubuntu

The document root (also called as the web root) of the Apache web server is located at the /var/www directory by default. Document root is the place where we find all the web pages and server scripts. These files are loaded on the browsers when we type in a particular url to point to that server. 

The /var/www directory doesn't allow access for a user who doesn't have the root permission. It's a headache task to switch to the root mode by typing in the root password everytime even though you know the password, since you may have to change your webpages or scripts during its development stage  very frequently. So a better idea to avoid this problem is to change the default Document root directory to some other location which doesn't require root permission for access.


Change it dude !!!
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Inorder to change the document root,

#1. Make a directory somewhere inside your home directory to use as the Document root. (not necessarily be home... you can make it anywhere). I named it 'www'

$ mkdir /home/jo/www

#2. Now we have to edit the one of the configuration file of the Apache webserver. The file is located @  /etc/apache2/sites-available/default (requires root permission to edit it).

$ sudo gedit /etc/apache2/sites-available/default

The file will be opened up in the gedit text editor. Now you have to edit the DocumentRoot directive in this file. Replace the /var/www with the /path/to/your/new/document/root in the lines 4 and 9 as shown in the figure below.


#3. Restart the apache webserver.

$ sudo /etc/init.d/apache2  restart



Now test it !!!
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#1. Create a html/php file inside the Document Root directory (mine is @ /home/jo/www).

#2. Take the terminal and navigate to the Document Root directory (using cd command). Use chmod command given below to allow read+write+execute permission to all.

$ chmod 777 *

#3. Take your web browser and type in http://localhost and hit the enter key! The apache server will load the contents of your Document Root directory as in the figure.


Hope you have done it right!!!


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22 November, 2010

a Javascript a day | my javascript tutorial . . .


                 Here i share my basic experimentsi had done with javascript. Its not enough for making a geekness with that, but only for making the first lessons of javascript ...

What is javascript ?

JavaScript is a scripting language that will allow you to add real programming to your webpages. You can create small application type processes with JavaScript, like a calculator or a primitive game of some sort. Important uses of javascript are
  • Browser Detection
    • Detecting the browser used by a visitor at your page. Depending on the browser, another page specifically designed for that browser can then be loaded. 
  • Cookies
    • Storing information on the visitor's computer, then retrieving this information automatically next time the user visits your page. This technique is called "cookies".
  • Control Browsers
    • Opening pages in customized windows, where you specify if the browser's buttons, menu line, status line or whatever should be present.
  • Validate Forms
    • Validating inputs to fields before submitting a form. An example would be validating the entered email address to see if it has an @ in it, since if not, it's not a valid address. 
 
where is the playground ?

The browser will use the 
<script type="text/javascript"> and </script> to tell where javascript starts and ends respectively.

The <script> …… </script>  Tag can be included in
  • <head> section
  • <body> section
  •  Both <head> section and <body> section
  •  In an External file with .js extension    
    • Eg : <script type="text/javascript" src="xxx.js"></script> 
To declare a variable in JavaScript, use the var command.    Eg : var state, city, zip, country; 

Basics

  • Write directly into the document.
     >> document.write("Welcome to my world!!!");

  • Write using POPUP Boxes
     Alert Box
     >> alert("Welcome to my world!!!");

     Confirm Box
     >>if (confirm("Do you agree")) 
               {alert("You agree")}
           else{alert ("You do not agree")};

    Prompt Box
    >> username=prompt("Please enter your 
                    name","Enter your name here");  

Check out this link to make out the rest.
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21 November, 2010

My first java applet program

              This is a blog about embedding a simple java applet inside a web page. A java applet is actually a runnable java program that can be embedded in a website for showing some graphics or making the web page interactive. It all runs by itself and any modern web browser with java plugin can run applets. So we create a sample java program first and then compile it to make the .class file ie the runnable. Then this runnable is embedded in the web page in a mechanism similar to embedding pictures inside the html file using html tags.

So before you starting the applet programming you need a java programming environment within your system including javac compiler and Java Runtime Environment.

I started doing the applet programming as it is a topic in my Web Commerce paper. Still i didn't got enough time to invest for it, but here is the basic things that I came across while discovering the kick of applets with my ubuntu box... 
1. First open up your text editor and paint all the code inside it, save it with .java extension. Use the code snippet  below or download from here,
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